Friday, October 4, 2019

Resistance is Futile: modernist crevice gardens

I hold that there is a spectrum, at least, of the variety of crevice garden, and refuse to be dogmatic about the "best" way. Is there a "best" wing that evolved in nature?  I joked with a friend once that the most modern, non-natural aesthetic a crevice garden could be would be a tilted cube. I probably also said " I won't be the one to build it." Never say never unless you want to be destined to do it.  (Enter the Borg.)


 I had great help from their gardening staff and my friend Joe from the local rock garden club.



A little "easter egg" I tried to keep visible is the stamp from the original, excessively deep, 8" (20cm) concrete poured driveway that this used to be.  1976.


As an exhibit within Aurora Water's Waterwise (Demonstration) Garden in the largest suburb of Denver, Colorado, this will be totally unirrigated once the plants  (spring of next year) are established. We'll use temporary microsprays for the first season.  The soil is real, local, unamended soil, which will settle a lot and need to be topped up after the winter.

Plants to go in will be dry crevice favorites like Hymenoxys scaposa, Escoabria leii ,Yucca "nana," Opuntia debrezyi, a few more, and a trial of Erigeron tener and others like Acantholimon. I'm aiming for clean looking plants, and especially tough buns.  I mean, rugged... buns.

I think we need to keep our definition of crevice gardens open to its fullest extent. I am personally, in my own private sphere, a lifetime disciple of the naturalistic, nature-worshipping rock garden.  But in order to grow and persist, a thing must adapt and evolve. (High Naturalism won't go away any more than books died with the invention of e-readers)  Resistance is futile.




Saturday, September 28, 2019

Don't Be Cheap: Misplaced Values

Folks have said that they don't order from Plant Delights because they're expensive.  Quart pots range from $12-18 for most things, higher for the exotic stuff whose entire American population of that species is on a table in their nursery.  And $35 for such a plant is still not reasonable? How else will you grow you collection of outdoor palms in Colorado?  Be happy you can even buy it and it's not locked behind the beaurocratic bars of the plant zoos of a botanic garden- so many public garden are not allowed to share or sell plant material.

I am also sad to see LaPorte Avenue Nursery closing, which sold alpines for years at ridiculously low prices.  Someone who has the guts to complain about their prices in front of me had better have good health insurance to cover a broken nose.  Plant propagators, our friends, slave over mist tables and potting benches, at the most uncomfortable times of year, every year, have to climb ladders to re-skin their greenhouses and fix leaky boilers without your decent health insurance and we have the audacity to complain about a 2" pot being more than $4?  That's a latte you didn't blink at. How quickly do we forgive technology we buy that lasts less than a year and what, oh what hundreds of dollars, we were willing to pay for it at the time?

Insane. Shameful. 

I often think Far Reaches Farm is similar to Plant Delights. Both hunt plants and  have botanical conservancies as beneficiaries of their profits.  They are also exceptionally good at finding, growing, and shipping amazing plants to your very freaking doorstep. That's amazing. Stop complaining and just hit the "buy" button.  Then, learn to water new plants and not let them die on your back porch, be less lazy about planting them as soon as they harden off in a week, and reap a lifetime of pleasure. 

I want to take this moment to highlight some goodies offered by good people, and maybe publicly announce what I've recently bought.


This Eryngium kick is not ending; I'm insatiable. 
Far Reaches offers a hilarious read on E. caucasicum, which has done well here with fantastic leaves.


PDN sent me this sexy dominatrix, E. venustum, which I'm curious to see respond to our climate.

I also got Hesperaloe funifera ssp. chiangii from them.  H. parviflora keeps showing up more zones north that it ought to, and funifera has secretly been in Denver for ages; it's yawned at the occasional bad winter here: I haven't seen it's edge of hardiness yet. 

Now that I've ordered it and the danger of creating competition is over for this coveted jewel, I can openly say that they offer Allium kiiense again, a fall-blooming east asian species, making pink puffs when yellow leaves hit the ground. They give you the pink autumn thrill of Colchicum without the bigass leaf-mess in spring.
My first A. koreanum/thunbergii/who-cares-its-beautiful.
They grow in Colorado in part shade or with good water. Far Reaches actually offers several varieties of far- east fall-blooming Allium. And no, Far Reaches isn't all moisture-lovers because they are outside Seattle. Check out their Kniphofia.

The hardy, (clears throat) the HARDY Begonia grandis blooms today. Thanks Far Reaches.




Furthermore, you know High Country Gardens.  It's fall and the Asters are covered in tiny pollinators none of us can identify that are probably essential for our survival as a species and we don't even know it. I'm on an aster kick, too, finally learning about them after a lifetime of ignorance.  Aster ericoides grows absolutely great without irrigation, has a structure and cleanness that most scrappy, wild sisters don't. HCG is having a fall sale and it's a great time to plant, in my opinion, better than spring, in general, in our climate.  (Except for warm season grasses and agastaches, and maybe Zauschneria.) Hey pollinator heads!  I just said "no water" and "pollinator" at once.  Let's get to work. There is a future of some kickass meadows you should buckle up for, or get left at home.




Since I'm in the mood for shameless (shameful?) plugging, I want to highlight a gem in Denver.  A handmade craft and houseplant shop called All Its Own, currently on West Colfax. Owner William hand-makes some super creative concrete pots, knows the pasts and people behind the individual plants and art pieces he sells at a modest price. This contrasts nicely with the trustfund-backed instagram-sham boutiques which are cloning themselves around earth (including Denver) whose people, God love them, are often afraid of scientific names and certainly have little concept of varied plant needs, meanwhile upcharging by 400%. (Not an invented number. I know where those plants came from!)  Long live All-Its-Own!

William's shop warms my heart, and the love and attention cultivates a nostalgic eternal pleasure of giving houseplants as gifts to friends.  And that's exactly what I like to do while patronizing his shop. He's friends with folks in the cactus club, and they planted up a bed in the parking lot as a cactus garden- a real member of the community.  His shop is the type of fun, local, spot with personality and truly unique charm that used to make Denver fun before the big Tech/Pot boom painted the whole town in modern squares selling modern squares and visited by modern squares. Anyone else remember the African Violet Shop that also sold canaries? Remember when people had their own genuine interests rather than being fed them by cell phone while they sit on the toilet? #instagramculture. We lost something when we gained something. Call me a crotchety old man already (#getoffmylawn) but I don't want to live to be an old man if complexity, nuance, and essence, are devalued and lost.

All the more reason to support specialists and stay the hell away from the plant racks at big box stores.



Life is short and the varied life with plants is a reason to live.

Drop a dollar before the earth drops you and smell the goddamn roses. Or Eryngiums.

Monday, September 9, 2019

In Memory of Zhirair Basmajyan




The international friends of Zhirair Basmajyan have recently learned of his death on 17 August, 2019.
Zhirair was 45.




I met Zhirair through email, our correspondence starting about 12 years ago. We traded plant material and became close friends. I stayed with him a few weeks one spring in Armenia, which was very patient of him and family. We stayed in contact over skype or the phone. For a while, we kept up a tradition over skype that we had started in person: chats over greek coffee and chocolate. We hadn't talked much in the last year, and I kept thinking I needed to go see him again and I deeply regret not doing so.

Knowing Zhiro encouraged me to be a fearless traveler. He showed me a universal culture of generosity to host and know travelers. He was tolerant of people and their shortcomings in a way that is rare in even the old and wise. Yet he was a worldly man, quite aware of the darkest possibilities in humanity.  His autodidactic qualities made all of us seem quite lazy in comparison. He sparked for me an understanding of the complexity and nuance of nationalities and humanity, to shun oversimplification of history and prejudice.

Zhirair was a massive genius. His life was very much a manifestation of his decision to live life to the highest quality of one’s preferences: he savored his plant collections, which were spread out throughout several family member’s homes and a summer cottage. He knew everyone in his community and had broad connections to people close and afar, quietly listening after striking up conversation with someone new he met. His home satisfied his need for immediate community, and his late night internet time connected him to the world- to many of us, he was an internationally famous flower bulb expert- if unknown  because of this humility.

He committed to a group of plants for years, rather than swinging through genera like plant collectors. He cultivated specific, sophisticated tastes for Tulips, Lilies, Roses, Fritillaria, Crocus, and others. He would gather a breadth of knowledge of that group of plants to its maximum.  He held a collection of plants, and especially tulips, that included otherwise extinct heirloom varieties, dedicated to their preservation.

He cherished the Russian he was taught in school, having been raised in soviet times, for he knew that another language widens one’s access to the world. With his massive intellect, he taught himself english, telling me his initial interest being the lyrics of Madonna. His english was incredibly good in person, having worked on the nuances of pronunciation and depth of vocabulary.  

He enjoyed fashionable but casual clothing. He enlightened me about Armenian culture's value of aesthetics and beauty; and I loved that. He laughed and said that owning lots of clothing means one doesn't have to do laundry as often!

The weekend/country house

In his honor, I want to share the cutting edge horticulture he had to teach us. 

This one is huge: he discovered how to rid a tulip of the breaking virus. This is probably still considered impossible by many experts. It would be revolutionary, like finding the cure for Tulip cancer. This is how I understand it:  When the plant is in active growth, and it has a lot of leaf/flower, the bulb is small: the virus is often mostly pushed up into the vegetative top of the plant, and the bulb, while at its minimum size, can actually be clean.  The top parts are carefully cut off and the tiny, emaciated but clean bulb is taken to grow on to bulk back up to size over the period of several growth seasons to recover its size. This method makes it possible to recover rare varieties whose remaining cultivated stock are diseased. I don't think someone could have figured this out without the intense observation Zhiro had.

Two major themes of Zhiro’s garden prowess: 

1. Tireless Persistence. 
In cutting tulips to enjoy as cut flowers, he used a brand new razor blade for every cut, eliminating the possibility of spreading virus. He even sustained some nerve damage once by finishing digging his tulip bulbs on his last possible weekend to do so when the weather got to be truly nasty and cold.  
He sought contact with hobbyists the world over- that is how we met. If it took patiently waiting for a person to come through with their agreement to help him get something done. He also always followed through with his promises. He would remember the desires of friends abroad, even if it was years later. He tried new ways of growing things and carefully observed the outcome.

It took him a massive amount of work, every year, to dig his bulbs.  Many of them required a dryer dormancy than the place where they grew best. He knew which beds were most apt to be visited by virus-carrying bees and constructed screen-houses to protect them. He had to re-weed his beds each year, because he didn’t weed them during the vegetative phase, as bruising and brushing is apt to spread disease.  New beds he cleaned by hand, sifting the soil and removing every visible root. His bulb collection was spread across several family member's homes, including a garage roof and the weekend house.

2. Care for Detail. 
He visited his tulip bed every day, observing every plant, looking for disease. He noted the size of bulbs between seasons to gauge how much they increased in that period. If there was so much as a bit of pollen that was a different color, he would notice. His attention was fierce.  

These superpowers of his were only matched by the same in his character as a person.









Some favorite quotes from him, often from late night conversations over coffee or long walks:

“I don’t mind crazy people. I love my crazy friends.”





“You shouldn’t fight your complexes. You should make friends with them.”





“Live lightly.”




 Ժիրայր Բասմաջյան

Tuesday, August 13, 2019

Palms, Bananas, and wacky Tress in Grand Junction, Colorado.

I've been compiling pictures for over a decade for this post.  
So it's a long and incomplete tour of odd plants, but mostly trees, of my home city.
I dedicate this one to my friend Sonia, who is the finest example of tireless in her advocacy for trees.


What's the weirdest thing that can grow outdoors in Grand Junction, Colorado, in the surrounding valley?  We can guess, or we can have a look.

How about a Giant Sequoia.
Sequoiadendron giganteum. 

This little dude has a fatty trunk, just like his grandparents, and is in a cul-de-sac near St. Mary's hospital.  A few of the blue form have been planted around but none have attained any maturity.

There is a Joshua tree in the Redlands. Yucca brevifolia. (some may include this in var. caespitosa from the copious rhizomes.) There have been joshuatrees in the CSU extension office garden, and there was, inexplicably, a giant Y-shaped one in an orchard south of Palisade; I haven't checked up on it in at least five years.

A green leaf form of the Smoke bush, Cotinus coggygria, has gotten to tree proportions on Pabor Ave. in Fruita.  Since moving to Fruita, I've noticed a handful of landscape species do better here and are more seen on average than in Grand Junction, just 15 miles east.  It includes the dinner-plate Hibiscus and Smoke bush. Maybe it's that our soil is not necessarily clay, but can be silt.  

An English oak, Quercus robur I think, in what we called "Rocket Park" as a kid whose acorns are long like shiny tan sausages. Orchard Avenue. I've got a 20' tall seedling from this beaut in my parent's back yard, having planted the seed in my carrot patch when I was a kid. It's fruit are more classic acorn shape.

Pistachio trees (Pistacia vera) are dioecious- so they are either boys or girls. 
 There is one on 29 rd north of Patterson; her little husband tree died some years ago, so this widow produces a crop of empty fruit.  There exist at least half a dozen in town, and sadly, all of them seem to be too alone to make fruit. I planted one at the botanic when I worked there, an Uzbek form, and I'm not sure if it's male or female.  Will someone be a matchmaker and plant friends for them?
 So many lonely pistachios.


One of several figs in town; this one is in Clifton next to a building that is usually a Church.  During such a spell, my parents got married in it. The fig is the shape and size of a lilac.
I've killed a lot of "hardy" figs to tell you that 'Chicago Hardy' is the one that will die to the ground the least, and actually produce and ripen fruit in late summer.

A positively treelike specimen of the native desert holly: Mahonia (Berberis) fremontii.  Someone bravely prunes it often. Either that or it will attack them with its spined leaves, I guess. South of Orchard Ave on 18th st.

There is a whole stand of Western Soapberries in old downtown Clifton, near the railroad tracks. When I was a kid it was unirrigated.  Sapindus (saponaria var.) drumondii. They've grown up from the single tree that I first spotted from a bike when I was a single-digit age. As kids, we were mesmerized by the lose black balls that you can see and hear roll around free in the translucent fruit. The hard, gummy shell was interesting to pick apart, but none of us thought to put it in our mouth, or we'd have discovered an incredibly powerful soap. Friends of mine know that my obsession with this species is unending, as I'm 33 and still sowing seeds which will take at least 7 years to grow into a decent plantable tree. I want at least a hundred planted before I die.

Every couple of years, I stop by, say hello and leave a stack of chocolate for the folks on whose property these grow, and collect a few hundred seeds for another small crop of saplings. I'm still crap at producing them as containerized trees, and have killed most of them over the years learning, but it's a small flow I'll keep up as long as I can, because it is a nearly pest-less native tree which can grow even here without irrigation, with 9' of annual precipitation (2200mm).  Through a fun story which begs another post another day, a friend found a massive, gorgeous, and quirky 50' (15m) soapberry in Denver, which has been through some rough historical weather, proving its worth against cold, for which the species generally isn't credited.

Trachycarpus wagnerianus.
Lee Lindauer planted palms 20 or 30 years ago now. A 15' tall Trachycarpus fortunei grew in his building's courtyard years ago but I believe it has expired. There still may be a Chamerops humilis in there.  This is on the corner of 8th and Rood in downtown.
He also planted Sabal scrub palm (left) and a Magnolia grandiflora or virginiana. I forget which this is. There is a very fine Magnolia "Bracken's Brown Beauty" that he's probably also responsible for at the botanic gardens.  Add into your prayers they don't kill it down there doing something truly stupid. 
There is a track record: Once, four or 5 Texas live oaks (Quercus (virginiana var.) fusiformis) lined the parking lot. (I know those were also Lee's idea.) They did great.  One was an incredible weeping form. 

Two produce tiger-striped acorns. 

Super special.   In truly nasty winters, the trees will defoliate instead of keeping their deep olive leaves on the  silver-grey branches.  One winter years ago, just the weeper dropped its leaves.  Some moron who was probably paid to think he knew a dead tree from a living one, cut it down.  It resprouted from the base, but I think that was removed later.  I've heard exact replicas of this story, true or not, about Larch (Larix) trees elsewhere being chopped down because someone with a chainsaw didn't know they were supposed to drop their needles. 

A teen, jazzed with Mr. Lindaur's palms, and when the internet marketplace was a new idea, I ordered seed and plants from afar.  So my poor parents have a dozen, perhaps, various palm trees, including Sabal minor, Trachycarpus fortunei (the fastest grower, some even came up from seed I gave up on and thew out in the yard!) and a Rhapidophyllum hystrix (haven't been able to source the needle palm in recent years). This is a T. wagnerianaus, which is slow and steady but the leaves are less apt to burn. The secret and the key to growing them is protection from the sun in winter. I throw a burlap bag over this one. A leaf cage if it's lucky.  Perhaps one would do well tucked against the north side of a house.  I'll have to try that. They like rich soil and water, too. Mine all get weekly waterings.  
Yep. Palms in Colorado. The Grand Valley is a USDA zone 7, mostly. Palisade seems warmer and more protected. They can be weeks later for the killing frost.

I worked out how to grow Bananas, too- the Japanese fiber banana, as a kid. Musa basjoo.  When I went to college anything fancy like that in the garden died, but a garden client asked how to grow bananas here in Colorado. We planted her one and I gave her a long list of things she must do to make it work. A year or two later, she calls me, and asks if I want a start from hers. "Sure." I go over and she's grown a behemoth clump of the bastards in her back yard near the Horizon drive Safeway. The Ramada next to it in the picture is tall; note the sitting stool- and the stems of the plant are 5' (1.5m) tall.
 Holy crap.  Nice work. 
Musa basjoo, a banana in Colorado.



Periploca graeca, the "Silkvine" is in the dogbane family with Amsonia/Bluestars. It's semi-evergreen and eating a fence on Elm Ave and 28 1/4 Rd. I stopped on my bike (note the gloves) to find the flowers one summer, because I was baffled by the near evergreen leaves. I never worked it out, but Jim Borland did by email.

 28 1/4 rd? Yes, the area has a pseudo-mormon system of streets, using fractions between main letters and numbers. I was raised on a street with the romantic name "D and three-quarters." Is that a lady and a few horses?  

The valley and surrounding areas boasts a lot of Silk trees, or "Mimosa"- Albizia julibrissin. They are reliable enough here that Nurseries sell them. I don't think its a matter of mild winters as much of long hot summer giving them good fast growth and hardening time. 

I remember a friendly lady giving me some seedlings of her silk tree when I was a kid that came from her tree, which she had carried in the back of her little car when she moved decades ago from Tennessee or somewhere. She also grew long-stem roses by striking cuttings from the cutflowers- a helluva homegrown skill. She said the silktree leaves were closed when it was stuffed in her car. There are a few big ones around, and I took seed from one which has persisted, unirrigated mind you,  from an erstwhile trailer park (-at the "Old Spanish Trail" trailhead on Orchard Mesa). Now there are concrete pads hidden under dust and cheatgrass, interspersed with small dead trees which used to shade the trailer homes- and a few remarkable trees still living.  I want those genetics to shade my home.  


I was told this Cupressus arizonica, next to Walnut dorms, (maybe they have bene renamed) at CMU, was the champion. I am not sure of that. Allan Taylor tells me that he once gave a bunch of Arizona cypress to the fellow in charge of landscaping back when it was Mesa State College, which is why campus was once cluttered with this excellent tree. I wonder how many are still there.  When I was in school there, I watched all kinds of Saucer magnolias and Sweet gums, rare here, disappear for construction.

A very fine Bristlecone (Pinus aristata) has graced about 4th street and Orchard for years.

Our mostly hackneyed botanic (with one or two excellent, volunteer-run exhibits) has one of the two large turkish cedars (Cedrus libani v. stenocoma)  in the valley- another is on the north side of Unaweep Avenue on Orchard Mesa, I think.  Speaking of the botanic- there are a handful of fantastic of Chilopsis linearis- desert willow- planted circa 2000. They are pure burgundy or pure pink, and seedlings grow in nearby parking lot cracks until they are sprayed.  

Someone told me that the glorious bicolor-bloomed Chilopsis in front of the First Congregational Church on 5th and Kennedy was a champion tree.  That same church, with a lovely garden and obvious plantswomen in the congregation, has the most mature desert live oak (Quercus turbinella) I know of in the valley.  Both it and Chilopsis have absolutely no problem with winter hardiness.

If you ride a bike you are more apt to notice these things. I find. Like this Empress tree, ironically at the corner of Elm Ave and Elm Dr. Paulownia tomentosa. I'm responsible for the poorly placed ones at the local botanic.  If you've never treated yourself to it, take a close look at their falling flowers- but as I recall they are actually white but covered in purple fur. Seeing that on the sidewalk is how I found the first one.

I don't know if this one in Palisade is still there, but I just realized a few weeks ago that the Catalpa across the alley from me in Fruita is... actually a Paulownia, too.

We've got some notable Elms, which I've not taken pictures of. One has a massive trunk burl, and another one, west of 7th street on the south side of Grande Ave, has a buttressed trunk.

There is a large Pond Cypress (Taxodium) Northeast of Patterson and 1st street.  It has burnt umber autumn foliage.

A grove of true bamboo, probably Phyllostachys aureosulcata, is 15'  (5m) tall or so tucked behind a farm house in Palisade. Locals often think their Arundo donax grass is "bamboo."   But bamboo is evergreen. Arundo donax is a noxious weed nowadays.

Some bamboo escapes its back yard on Rodelle Drive, seen from S Redlands Road.  I had a patch at my folk's place for a decade; I had to dig out by hand because glyphosate remarkably didn't work the year prior. It took me a whole weekend. The felled mass filled my pickup bed two or three times when I hauled it away.  Luckily, the rhizomes are shallow in our clay soils- no more than 10" (25 cm) deep, and I seemed to have removed them all.


Sometimes I check on these guys in the middle of the Colorado National Monument.  The apple and peach trees, growing at the base of a rimrock monolith, receive only the rain that accumulates off of it to deeply percolate into the sandy soil.  They surely grew from seeds literally spat from the windows of passing cars.  There is a plum in a canyon, too, near a popular hiking trail, and I wonder if a person or a bird is responsible for that.  

I know this Arizona cypress isn't at the college library anymore because it isn't a college anymore, it's Colorado Mesa University, and the google satellite pictures show a construction zone where the tree once stood, southeast of the library.  We don't transplant big trees in the Western US. Honestly, I don't think we care.  As a default, we sacrifice history, sensibility, civic care, posterity, and more in our residual manifest destiny mindset of ceaseless growth, growth, expansion, "improvement" and progress. This feeling was amplified for me when I returned from Germany this month. I realized how we generally, in the states, have little honor for history or even our old people, and certainly rarely build anything to last, and don't respect trades that maintain things. I love America, and it's my choice of country to live in for many reasons, but I'd love us to grow up a little: we'll sacrifice anything for the fleeting moment's bottom line

 What was the state's champion (largest recorded) Chinese pistache, Pistacia chinensis to the left (in winter) of yet another bygone cypress. Maybe 2007.  It, too, fell to the bulldozer.  Just once, I took branches from this male pistache, and took it to an even bigger female tree in Palisade,  and we pollinated her, yielding just that year a bunch of turquoise and red fruits, all over one side of the tree- as the pollen moves like dust in the wind!  I wish I'd done a better job sharing seeds of that funny matchmaking, now that she's a widow tree, too.

He had not too interesting bark. But Pistacia chinensis is widely grown as a small street tree in Texas and further because of its deep red autumn color, drought tolerance, and heat tolerance.

When I talked to the lady who lives at the house with this Ginkgo on Hillcrest Ave, she said it does't have fall color.  It drops all of its leaves green, in one day. She says it sounds like a waterfall when it happens. There is another ginkgo less than half a mile away, also planted in the 40s to 60s time period.  The hill that St. Mary's hospital is on seems to grow trees really well. It may be one of the older neighbourhoods in town, affluent for longer, so that irrigation water has been uninterrupted for the better part of a century.  

Another one North of Patterson and 26 3/4. The lady who planted it, now deceased, was a sweetheart and a lover of the orient. Mrs. Bishop planted for the future.


If the water were turned off in town most of these trees would die. Maybe we should start planting for the apocalypse and invest in trees that would endure, and continue to cast shade, cool our homes, and make habitat- in the very real future possibility of no municipal water allowed use in landscapes.  Hm. It's an idea.  Sounds like a decent life work for some dumb young person.