Monday, February 23, 2026

Hooked by Devil's Claw

 


Not today! 


Actually, yeah. 


Today. 


Let’s do it.


Years ago I arrived to do a consult for an eccentric artist lady on an overgrown lot with a cowering little house. She looked surprised when I arrived, because, she told me, she’d emailed (a few minutes ago) to tell me she was out of money and couldn’t afford a garden consultation. I stayed anyway for a few minutes to visit with this odd and interesting gal. 


Some years later, I literally don’t recognize the property I’m on. I don’t remember Andrea at first, until my new clients who bought a run-down house, empty for a year or more after its owner had died, tell me about the history of the place. They are taking out anything overgrown or dead or poorly-made, and lovingly preserve anything of merit. 


 


Instead of the financially wise choice of bulldozing this cracked little farmhouse, The Fords re-used old timbers, added insulation, a foundation, replaced single-pane glass in their wooden mulleins, used traditional wood preservatives that must be painted on while warm… they poured love into the place. And they let me design and plant a wild garden around it that morphs from a face of typical mini orchard to a back wild meadow that overlooks the river, its animals, and the nuanced city of Grand Junction. 



In the dead middle of the most barren stage of landscape work, when everything was gravel and dust, I spotted a plant. I half recognized the species, and couldn’t even remember the most popular common name, but oddly remembered a lesser one, which happened to describe this individual, lone, doomed, tiny, fragile thing:  “Unicorn plant.” One of the client owners put a little ring of rocks around it to try to keep it from getting stepped on by any number of us in work boots. I don’t think this tiny annual plant quite managed to make a seed before frost that year, sadly.


I used a special method to prevent weeds in the meadow, it keeps the immeasurable seed bank from expressing itself. It prevents all but the largest weed seeds from growing. 



And guess what grew through.  A couple plants from what happen to be relatively large seeds. The common Devil’s claw, or Proboscidea louisianica. There are several species in North America. There are relatives in Africa. This was the one you’d typically find in the plains of the US. There is another species, P. parviflora, which is common in Utah, the canyonlands, et cetera, native to the interior Southwest. The closest to here I’ve seen them was in Cisco when it was still a ghost-town. Native folks have various uses for them, one being for a nice weave-able filament to add black in otherwise bright yucca-fiber baskets. The natives selected strains that have twice the “hooks” on each pod. It’s probably no accident, looking at the pods, that these plants share a scientific name with elephants. 


I like to think that the seed pods were a curio that the late artist Andrea kept. I liked to think of these plants as a ghost of Andrea. The clients and I delighted in the surprise and mystique of the return of the unicorns. Leafy, luxurious velvet leaves support decadent, even silly, big-lipped flowers which emit an earthy cologne. We gathered seed, enjoyed the strange pods which look surely to have been designed by H. R. Geiger. I showed one to my neighbor and she literally took a step back in alarm like it was going to try to bite her with jaws from within jaws. We gave these imaginative natural sculptures to friends, and shared the mystery. 


This is how I fell in love with devil’s claw. I greedily collected ten times as much seed as I’d ever use. I shared packets of seed to everyone. I planted them straight in the ground and in pots in the greenhouse to make sure I had some at home. These did poorly and mostly failed from obvious or not obvious causes, but where the pods had merely sat temporarily in my garden - that’s where they all came up like an angry, sweaty, forest, on their own. After the fall frost finally wilted the plants I harvested every pod because I’d read that native folk store these grabby pods in a ball to tame their wildness - they truly are evolved to grab an antelope’s ankle and take a long ride. I wanted to make such a sphere of these pods, too, just to see it. 


Some three years into my love affair with them, I felt like I knew them well. I wanted to grow them from different seed sources, different species, just for fun. I even ordered packets of five seeds from ebay wanting to grow different flavors of them, (But always sadly growing these up to find them to be the typical sort. You don't have to be a botanist to sell seed.)


But a successful find of them in a different state, the pods were much smaller, the strange dry, membranous intersticial appendages being more developed, like so much grey ink frozen in mid-splash in the air. A scarce find for me, and not having many pods, I used pruners to cut into the pods to extract as many seeds as possible so that none were discarded with the pod. By cutting them this time, I found their secret. What is obvious is that a pod splits down the middle, releasing seed from between the two snarling halves of the pod. But what I hadn’t seen until using sharp pruners, is that each side of the pod encases a reserve chamber of seeds that is actually more populated than the main chamber. These seeds are so tightly held in the envelope of the woody seedpod case that the pod seems solid. I presume that many rainstorms, a fire, or years of corrosive desert sand grains are needed to chew through the pod to finally release this clutch of fighters-for-life so that they may emerge and flourish lushly in sandy arroyos. Respect. What patience. 


I’m not sure I’ve met a plant with such a bipolar disparity between the girly charm of the painted flower and the demonic art of the dried fruit. It truly has its own spirit- decides where it wants to grow, and has its own strange dance to dance. And it seems to do it like a cat- without caring if anyone is watching or cares. Maybe I am hoping to learn from it- the joyful indifference of the devil’s claw.














A video of the Ford Garden featuring a shipping-container B'nB



made by a friend of theirs:


Monday, December 15, 2025

Kenton's Lectures, early 2026...


Talks Kenton is Doing:

Oct 28, (2025) UNLA: St George, UT, USA “Crevice Gardens”


Jan 7 (2026) : Montana Green Expo: Billings, MT, USA “Crevice Gardens”


Jan 22: Northern Green conference, St. Paul, MN, USA “Crevice Gardens”


Jan 24: MN NARGS, (Minneapolis) MN, USA “Habitat Gardening versus Rock Garden: Deathmatch or friends?” (At a Bachman's Nursery location...) 


Feb 3-5: ProGreen Denver, CO, USA: Sown Meadows (with John Murgel), Trees for the Apocalypse 


March 6: Tree of Life conference (with John Little), Longmont, CO, USA Biodiversity from seed: maintenance, disturbance… 


August 10: 6:30pm Resource Central (who does Garden-in-a-Box) on Zoom: "Favorite Rock Garden Plants"




A little news:


So, the Crevice book's printing run has sold out. 

What remains available is what is on retail shelves (if virtual shelves at that!)


It will probably be a couple years before it is reprinted. We are amazed and pleased that such an esoteric subject, as we assumed it was, turned out to be by far more popular and universally embraced than even our own dreams...



Sunday, January 5, 2025

What are hybrid Aloinopsis, really, and what is a landrace?

 

Santa Fe Botanic emailed me recently and asked how to define and categorize some plants into their database, which I grew, and which Lauren Springer used in the memorial garden for David Salman. These are the "Aloinopsis hybrids" gleaned from friends and then re-grown and bred myself for some years. 

Answering the question leads to a brain-twisting philosophical discussion I wanted to share with you that I've been mulling on for the last year.

What are the "Aloinopsis hybrid" plants? 

" Well, it's a complicated answer:

Those plants are truly unknown in exact species, and even genera, because they are a "landrace" of complex mesembs hybrids, open pollinated, from many generations in gardens. We've been calling them "ASx" in shorthand because most of them are in part, by a little or a lot, Aloinopsis spathulata. (But I suspect just a few individuals don't have that species in their parentage!)  But they include genes from several other species and at least two other genera, and science hasn't given such intergeneric crosses actual genus names!  (Genera: Aloinopsis, Titanopsis, Nananthus, and sometimes others like Stomatium, Hereroa.  If you are not familiar with the concept of "landracing," here's a little wiki description. That sort of helps describe the situation, which is quite messy against traditional notions of cleanly defining organisms. The ASx plants are like if you could have a herd of things that are varying mixes of horse, zebra, donkey, and giraffe... which isn't possible for those animals and why I think the plants are so intriguing! What on earth with the latin name be for such a beast!?

Two answers: 
1. A truly scientific name for them would be Aizoaceae: Titanopsis-group genera hybrid landrace.  
2. An easier but colloquial name is "Aloinopsis kin & hybrids." (But like I wrote above, technically a small minority of the plants probably don't have any Aloinopsis in them!) 

Further notes, which nod to history and people's legacy, in the spirit of the garden: these plants are a mixed "herd" if you will, descending from plants grown and bred by David Salman, John Stireman (UT), Kelly Grummons (CO), Floyd Jacketta (UT), Bill Adams (CO), and perhaps Jeff Ottersberg. Much but not all of the seed was probably collected in Africa by Steven Brack. I collated plants from everyone and re-selected progeny. 

Once, when I asked David Salman what he felt was the most missing vacancy/representation of style or plants in public gardens in Santa Fe, and without hesitating, he said "African mesembs."  I think it is beautiful that it should come full circle like this. 

My last tangent on this.  The idea of landracing such plants, to me, harkens back to the relationship native Americans had/have with plants- they created and spread landrace plants and blurred the lines between species and domesticity/wildness. (Like the wild potatoes, devil's horns for eating/weaving, and heirloom/feral agaves...not to mention amaranth, tomatoes, corn, peppers...) They didn't see a hard line between nature and humanity and I think that is beautiful..."

Indeed, there are tons of plants in the Americas whose distribution suggests (or screams) that humans were a key "dispersal agent" in moved them around, and they naturalized. I've recently been on a reading bender learning that there are wild/domestic potatoes to the southwestern US, even in Colorado! 

There are agaves that grow around ruins in Arizona which are not related to the nearby wild ones, and one awesome researcher, Wendy Hodgson, put in the massive effort for years to sort out their genetics to find that the plants were essentially "heirloom" veggies carried up by early Americans from modern day Mexico and went feral when they quit being cultivated in Arizona. For natural-history geeks like me who love to have living specimens in our gardens with such stories, unfortunately those agave are probably not quite hardy up here in Colorado... 

But back to the Aloinopsis/Mesembs:


John Stireman wrote an authoritative article for International Rock Gardener on it, here. (His garden of them, above. )The annual NARGS seed exchange, which I think is still going at the moment for a few weeks, would be the best source of hybrid seed, coming from John and his brother. 

My own project has been planting them in number in cold enough places to kill m any of them ("cull the herd") in an effort to push them as far as possible for winter hardiness. 




There are several mailorder sources for this group of plants, hybrids or not : Ethical Desert and Cold Hardy Cactus, Floyd's ebay store ThePlantPeddlars and of course, David's legacy, High Country Gardens

I had only heard the word "landrace" in the context of heirloom/heritage domestic animal breeds, so I was mindblown to learn There is a book on the powerful, practical and under-documented subject of Landrace Veggies. Landracing has supplied all of humanity's food until recently "for centuries by illiterate farmers..." (paraphrasing the book). Thanks to the author, who gave me some seeds, I'm one small link in a chain that is creating a landrace of hardy pistachios. In a few years, I'll be looking for a client who is interested in such things to carry the torch and plant a small orchard of the seedlings I am growing.  

For me, I found it easy to extrapolate from this lovely, fun, quirky little book to apply the idea to flowers, natives, et cetera. For years now I have been using landracing, as a rule, in my wildflower meadow seed projects.  For some plants, it's been the secret to success. After all, what is today, and this new year, but just a fine line between the past and the future?

Friday, May 10, 2024

Finally! A concise, perfect how-to video for bare-root planting!

Thanks to Grace at DBG and PlantSelect.

If you know anyone new to this, which is basically essential in rock gardening and dry/native plantings, please pass this on to them. 

If you aren't a believe, try it. I dare you.




Pink flip-flops optional.


Sunday, January 14, 2024

Plants so good it makes ya angry

 

This is a competition.


Plants will be judged for ten years on three traits:
-Longevity
-Rebloom
-Sex appeal 
(to everyday people 
and not botanists or nerds like me.)


This means these three winning plants will be ideal for 
No-water Landscapes; 
places where they can't hide in an ugly season. 



1. Gaillardia 'Amber Wheels'

The problem with allllll the other gaillardia is that they are barely perennial, living 1-4 years at best, but often just a couple. This one, selected from the wild in Colorado by DBG's Larry Vickerman, is FULLY PERENNIAL, and what's more: rhizomatous. Yes, folks, it can spread. Not wildly; nice and slow. It's available online from a few mailorders. Why isn't it in your local nursery?  Because you need to tell them about it and buy more of it. I'm so sick of not being able to buy it easily that I'm growing my own. 

- - - - - 


2. Amsonia jonesii , Desert Bluestar.

A once-bloomer for a few weeks in spring, but he's blue, which is not common in available xeric plants. He varies- the above plant is pale; and white happens. What he really scored for is being indefatigable, wiltless, nice dark green leaf all summer, which is much needed when it's 100F (38C) outside. The other high score is longevity; I was pretty impressed seeing plants in friends' Denver Gardens that are exactly as old as I am until I found a massive wild plant last summer that is about a century old.
 
He is in PlantSelect but I never see him in any nursery except Chelsea's. That's messed up. We need to pester High Country Gardens and get the word out. It's slow from seed, so the few nurseries that do it usually go with cuttings. Here he is growing in nature in this weird red crap that even the cactus don't seem to like:

- - - - - 


3. Melampodium leucanthum. Blackfoot Daisy.

So, real talk here. I wondered if folks would give it a new common name in the way Sorghastrum isn't "indian grass" anymore- but I was making an assumption. This guy's name is because the seeds look like little black horse's feet. Checks out. Small lots of seed is also available online. 

He scores middleville for longevity, but my rubric is merciless. He gets points back because he reseeds gently, and then he takes his win because he reblooms and reblooms, stays short and unthreatening, and does it all without irrigation.  But this jerk has a problem- he's not commonly available. Time to knock on some doors.

He's short-  there he is at the heels of... anything else. 


Just look at him shamelessly dancing around this unwatered front yard off Littlepark Rd in Grand Junction. When I planted him in 2016 I put a dripper on him because he comes from the front range. Well that drip wasn't ever turned on and he reminded me that he is also from the desert, baby, and he gracefully replaced anything that died out over the last seven years.

- - - - - 
Honorable Mentions go to:

Prarie Zinnia,  because she's got marketing and recognition before and heavens know I've sung her praises for too long. 

Santa Fe Plox was very close in the running because it reblooms, it's not available enough, and seems to live a very long time. He gets a little crispy without water on the hotter side of the rockies, but he never dies. Note: this plant wasn't voted down because Kenton doesn't generally like pink. This one is definitely garish enough to appeal to him.
Please support Nurseries with the balls to sell good plants which perform in the landscape and feed insects and other great things but don't look snappy in retail containers, which is the driving force behind all the crap sold as "perennials" at big box stores. Thanks for reading and stay tuned for... spring.

Friday, November 17, 2023

Ten years of landscaping and gardening without irrigation: Another book in the works

 Back in 2013 I started working for myself, and started hiring employees, with a nearly religious mission to make landscapes that use natives and need no water. ...And that get better with age and do ecologically good things, et cetera. Over the years, my landscaper era waxed and waned as I felt drawn to address crevice gardens and work away from my semi desert valley. But the mission remained.

(circa 2015, those were honest times...)

More recently, Especially during Covid, I found myself working increasingly as a "coach" for homeowners who were DIY xeriscaping their homes because of a shortage of available landscapers.  There have always been hands-on people who prefer to do their own work, and those with budgets. It is deeply gratifying to equip folks with the knowledge they need to take charge of their yards and make things that make them happy. 

After years of this, I of course find myself answering many of the same questions for people dealing with the same issues. I'd like to think I've gotten better with a decade now of practice in helping folks decide what they're going to do with a patch of earth. With a full ten-year scope, I've also reflected on the vast difference of then and now.

When I started I had little experience and native landscapes were a hard sell, a very hard sell, and I underbid in desperation for work.  I ate a lot of beans and rice. Luckily I had a few great mentors like Bob, and his integral book back then.  Now, I have to turn down work and I can barely keep up with the demand for it and am ever re-balancing what sector needs help the most to spread myself out most effectively. 

Another thing that has changed is that I'm not alone. 


Early on, and I think still to this day, the finest book on no-water gardening is French. FRENCH! Olivier Filippi's books still have not been surpassed, and isn't that embarrassing in some way to us proud Americans? But in recent years I've found friends like Jo Wakelin in New Zealand (her garden above) and John Murgel of CSU's Douglas County Extension Office.  He gave a mic-dropping talk to WildOnes a while ago that isn't available, but this parallel one is still up. Treat yourself to it- a real foundation of ground-breaking principles- over lunch. 

It feels like things are coming to a head. 

Emboldened with the experience of writing The Crevice Garden, I'm writing one on Irrigation-free landscaping and gardening. With the momentum of an even longer experience than my crevice work, and aiming to address the biggest issues dry gardeners face, with the working title of:

"No Water, More Flowers: Gardening and Landscaping with little to no irrigation."

I think there are isn't an elephant in the room about dry gardening, but a whole herd of them: What can you really expect without irrigation? When is it just inappropriate not to water?  Isn't that religiously dogmatic? How the heck can you possibly get what you need when you deprive yourself of such a tool? Where does this fit into ecologcal gardening? Aren't we just gonna desalinate the oceans and solve water shortages? What about fire? What plants can actually go without? Why do all these alleged xeric plants suck so bad at staying alive in drought when they were sold as "drought tolerant?" (I'm looking at you, Redbirds in a tree, Agastache, and Kniphofia!) 

Well, I don't think I will be the last word on it but I want to start a conversation. Now I'm going to put my slippers on and turn into my writing den; see you next year...

Friday, March 17, 2023

a little TV coverage of crevice gardening in New Zealand

 



When in New Zealand in February, it was lovely to see how the Christchurch Botanic's crevice garden was growing in. We made a day of it- a workshop and even Mr. Spurdle from local TV- Star News- showed up. He may have made the most succinct and understandable wee blurb on crevice gardens I've ever seen. 
It's also just really pleasant bathing in that kiwi accent:

Watch the segment here.


A whole family of California Quail totter over the garden: daddy stands watch on top, upper right.